Abstract
Background With the development of social economy, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is becoming a severe health problem globally. Methods To systematically understand the lipid metabolism in T2DM, we applied untargeted lipidomics to the serum of T2DM patients and control group using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS). Results Over two thousand molecular features were detected by our approach, of which 222 lipid species in positive ion mode and 145 species in negative were reliably identified based on precise molecular weights and MS/MS patterns. Multivariate analysis was adopted to differentiate T2DM patients and the control group using principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). The dysregulated lipid species were found and their significance in pathophysiology was discussed. Correlation analysis of selected lipids and important clinical variables was performed and addressed. Conclusions This study unveils several new lipids and pathways considerably involved in T2DM and provides novel insights into understanding the pathogenesis underlying T2DM.
Highlights
With the development of social economy, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasingly prevalent in the 21st century
A total of 40 T2DM patients and 47 healthy controls were enrolled in this open-label study
Lipidomic analysis demonstrated that dyslipidemia associated with T2DM was featured by the boosted levels of Free fatty acids (FFA) (16 : 0), ceramides (34 : 1), and PE (36 : 4) and the reduced levels of lysoPC (24 : 0), PE (36 : 3), and PS (38 : 4)
Summary
With the development of social economy, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasingly prevalent in the 21st century. The global prevalence of diabetes is estimated to be 9.3% (463 million people) in 2019 and likely to rise to 10.2% (578 million people) by 2030 [1]. Metabolic changes affect body’s internal balance and lead to severe complications in patients with T2DM. The identification of reliable metabolic changes of this severe disease helps reduce the disability rate of T2DM. With the development of social economy, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is becoming a severe health problem globally. To systematically understand the lipid metabolism in T2DM, we applied untargeted lipidomics to the serum of T2DM patients and control group using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with highresolution mass spectrometry (MS). This study unveils several new lipids and pathways considerably involved in T2DM and provides novel insights into understanding the pathogenesis underlying T2DM
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