Abstract
We have studied the broadband nonlinear optical properties of layered semiconductor Bi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Se prepared by the modified Bridgman method. The saturable absorber exhibits a modulation depth of 12.2%, a nonsaturable loss of 62.2%, and a saturable intensity of 26 MW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> at 1.55 μm. With respect to 2-μm band, the absorber shows a modulation depth of 9.1%, a nonsaturable loss of 71%, and a saturable intensity of 44.2 MW/cm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . In addition, mode-locked Er-fiber laser and Q-switched Tm-fiber laser employing the saturable absorber were first demonstrated at 1.55 and 2 μm, respectively. Our experimental results have revealed that the Bi <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Se can be a promising broadband saturable absorber for pulsed lasers in the near-infrared range.
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