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Abstract
Several hydrotalcite-type compounds with different divalent (Mg2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+) and trivalent (Al3+, Cr3+) cations and different ratio compositions were tested for the isomerization of linoleic acid in order to study their role on the obtention of specific conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) with anticarcinogenic and nutritional properties. This is a complex reaction due to the high number of possible isomers of linoleic acid together with the significant competition of the isomerization reaction with other secondary undesired reactions. All catalysts showed very high conversions of linoleic acid, but condensation products were mainly obtained, especially for the hydrotalcite-type compounds with higher Mg/Al ratios due to their higher Brønsted basicity and for the catalysts with higher Ni2+ content or with the presence of Cu2+, Zn2+ in the layers because of the influence of the higher acidity of these cations on the Brønsted basicity of the hydroxides. The best results were achieved for the catalysts with Mg/Al ratio around 2.5–3, resulting in 29–38% of selectivity to the identified CLAs.
Highlights
Linoleic acid can have 56 isomers as a result of the combination of 14 isomers in position with conjugated double bonds located from carbons 2, 4 until carbons 15, 17, with the corresponding combinations cis/cis, cis/trans, trans/cis, or trans/trans
A significant number of studies reported that certain conjugated linoleic acid isomers (CLAs) have anticarcinogenic and nutritional properties, so they can be applied as functional foods
The aim of this work was to study the role of the nature of cations, divalent (Mg2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+) and trivalent (Al3+, Cr3+), and the cations ratio employed to prepare the hydrotalcite-type compounds on the isomerization of linoleic acid to CLAs
Summary
Linoleic acid (cis-9, cis-12-octadecanoic acid) can have 56 isomers as a result of the combination of 14 isomers in position with conjugated double bonds located from carbons 2, 4 until carbons 15, 17, with the corresponding combinations cis/cis, cis/trans, trans/cis, or trans/trans. Only about 20 conjugated linoleic acid isomers (CLAs) have been identified, mainly in meat and dairy products, using analytical techniques such as gas or liquid chromatography or 13C NMR. The isomer cis-9, trans-11-CLA (c9, t11-CLA) was proposed as a potential antitumor agent, while the isomer trans-10, cis-12-CLA (t10, c12-CLA) was related to the regulation of lipids and body mass [1,2,3,4].
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