Abstract
The production of layered double hydroxide(LDH) nanocomposite as an alternative drug delivery system against various ailments is on the increase. Their toxicity potential is usually dose and time dependent with particle sizes, shapes and surface charge playing some role both in the in vitro and in vivo studies. The reticular endothelial system of especially the liver and spleen were shown to sequestrate most of these nanocomposite, especially those with sizes greater than 50 nm. The intracellular drug delivery by these particles is mainly via endocytotic pathways aided by the surface charges in most cases. However, structural modification of these nanocomposite via coating using different types of material may lower the toxicity where present. More importantly, the coating may serve as targeting ligand hence, directing drug distribution and leading to proper drug delivery to specific area of need; it equally decreases the unwanted nanocomposite accumulation in especially the liver and spleen. These nanocomposite have the advantage of wider bio-distribution irrespective of route of administration, excellent targeted delivery potential with ease of synthetic modification including coating.
Highlights
Layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanocomposite is a class of inorganic material with chemical composition represented by the general formula, [M21+-xM3x+ (OH) 2] x+ [An-] x/n⋅mH2O] where M2+ and M3+ are divalent and trivalent metal cations respectively [1]
This review aims at discussing LDH in delivery of drugs with emphasis on wider distribution potential, organized cellular uptake mechanism, drug enhancement activity especially, anti-cancers and their characteristics decrease toxicity potential in drug delivery when compared to pure drugs
LDH had proved to be promising in the area of drug delivery, especially in the areas of cancer therapy and Magnetic resonance image (MRI) procedure
Summary
Layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanocomposite is a class of inorganic material with chemical composition represented by the general formula, [M21+-xM3x+ (OH) 2] x+ [An-] x/n⋅mH2O] where M2+ and M3+ are divalent and trivalent metal cations respectively [1]. The unique structure of LDH consisting of an outer positively charged metal hydroxide sheets and inner interlayer anions hydrated with water molecules aiding in its uptake and cellular penetration [1,2]. A controllable anion exchange that is pH dependent is possible due to the fascinating structure of LDH, which is the basis of controlled-release properties of this carrier, making it a valuable choice for biological and pharmaceutical applications [3]. Is a table (Table 1) that summarizes different type of layered double hydroxide nanocomposite synthesized. Nanocomposite type Method of synthesis Size (nm) Concentration (μg/ml) Assay (Test)
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