Abstract
Systematic studies of the air electrode and full solid oxide fuel cell performance of La3PrNi3O9.76, and La2Pr2Ni3O9.65 n = 3 Ruddlesden–Popper phases are reported. These phases were found to adopt orthorhombic symmetry with a decrease in lattice parameters on increasing Pr content, consistent with the solid solution series end members. From electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements of symmetrical cells, the electrodes were found to possess area specific resistances of 0.07 Ω cm2 for the La2Pr2Ni3O9.65 cathode and 0.10 Ω cm2 for the La3PrNi3O9.76 cathode at 750 °C, representing a significant improvement on previously reported compositions. This significant improvement in performance is attributed to the optimisation of the electrode microstructure, introduction of an electrolyte interlayer and the resulting improved adhesion of the electrode layer. Following this development, the new electrode materials were tested for their single-cell performance, with the maximum power densities obtained for La2Pr2Ni3O9.65 and La3PrNi3O9.76 being 390 mW cm−2 and 400 mW cm−2 at 800 °C, respectively. As these single-cell measurements were based on thick electrolytes, there is considerable scope to enhance over cell performance in future developments.
Highlights
Ruddlesden–Popper phases, with the general formula of An+1 Bn O3n+1, were first synthesised in 1958 [1]
The anisotropic structural features of lower-order (n = 1) phases such as La2 NiO4+δ (LNO) and Pr2 NiO4+δ (PNO) permit them to accommodate a substantial amount of interstitial oxygen, which in turn leads to fast oxygen ion transport [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]
Amow and Skinner obtained a relatively high area specific resistance (ASR) (>1.0 Ω cm2 at 800 ◦ C) [15,16], which was improved by Escudero
Summary
Ruddlesden–Popper phases, with the general formula of An+1 Bn O3n+1 , were first synthesised in 1958 [1]. The structure consists of nABO3 perovskite layers which are sandwiched between two AO rock-salt layers [2]. This structural similarity of Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) phase materials to perovskites is one of the reasons behind the expectation of these materials working as solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) cathodes. The anisotropic structural features of lower-order (n = 1) phases such as La2 NiO4+δ (LNO) and Pr2 NiO4+δ (PNO) permit them to accommodate a substantial amount of interstitial oxygen, which in turn leads to fast oxygen ion transport [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. Amow and Skinner obtained a relatively high area specific resistance (ASR) (>1.0 Ω cm at 800 ◦ C) [15,16], which was improved by Escudero
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