Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the toxic effects of total diterpenoids extracted from the roots of Euphorbia pekinensis (TDEP) on the mouse colon and to clarify the mechanism. Dried powdered roots of E. pekinensis were extracted with chloroform, and then the extract (6.7 g) was subjected to column chromatography and preparative TLC, giving TDEP. Using the HPLC-DAD method, the purity of TDEP was determined as 85.26%. Mice were orally administered with TDEP (3.942, 19.71 and 39.42 mg/kg), after which fecal water content and colon water content were examined. Both of them increased over time after TDEP administration, accompanied by severe diarrhea. Three hours after TDEP administration, the animals were sacrificed to obtain their colons. The mRNA and protein expression levels of aquaporin 1 (AQP1), AQP3 and AQP4 in the colon were measured using real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. TDEP significantly increased the levels of AQP3 and AQP4, but decreased that of AQP1 in dose-dependent manners. Similarly, Pekinenin C, a casbane diterpenoid, significantly increased AQP3 protein and mRNA expressions in human intestinal epithelial cells (HT-29). Histopathological examination revealed that the colon was not significantly damaged. The laxative effects of E. pekinensis were associated with the alterations of AQPs in the colon by TDEP.
Highlights
Aquaporins (AQPs), which are water and water/glycerol channels for the rapid transport of water across membranes, are expressed in a variety of tissues in human
E. pekinensis andand usedused them as standards in this obtained diterpenoids from
E. pekinensis them as standards in study
Summary
Aquaporins (AQPs), which are water and water/glycerol channels for the rapid transport of water across membranes, are expressed in a variety of tissues in human. Magnesium sulphate, employed as a traditional Chinese medicine for a thousand. Magnesium sulphate, employed as a traditional Chinese medicine for a thousand years, is considered to be an osmotic laxative. Used treatgonorrhea, gonorrhea, edema, edema, migraines in in traditional [5]. It is it is poisonous and stimulating. It can induce intense diarrhea, abdominal pain, pain, bloody diarrhea other gastrointestinal toxicities The main compounds this are plant bloody diarrhea andand other gastrointestinal toxicities. Through extraction, In In thisthis study, wewe prepared totaltotal diterpenoids fromfrom through extraction, aiming to investigate effects protein on AQPs protein and mRNA expressions in of themice. ColonBesides, of mice.we to aiming investigate the effects the on AQPs and mRNA expressions in the colon
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