Lawsuit as a protective tool for subjective rights, freedoms, interests and exercises of authorities in administrative jurisdiction (theoretical aspect)

Abstract

Given the current conditions of Ukraine's development as a legal state, administrative justice is the institution that is designed to guarantee the protection of human rights against possible arbitrariness and abuse by authorities. A lawsuit in administrative proceedings is the legal instrument that ensures the initiation of administrative-judicial protection of the rights and freedoms of citizens against illegal decisions, actions and inaction of subjects of authority, which is implemented according to the rules of administrative proceedings. An administrative lawsuit performs the function of a human rights instrument that ensures the initiation of judicial protection of the rights, freedoms and interests of citizens against illegal decisions, actions or inaction of subjects of power, it is also used as a means of exercising the power of subjects in the field of public-legal relations, which are mediated by the relevant decision of administrative courts. The legal nature of an administrative claim includes a combination of substantive and procedural aspects for its correct understanding, it is also necessary to investigate the very nature of a public-law dispute, because the administrative court considers a claim for the protection of rights, freedoms, interests or the exercise of powers in the field of public-law relations, in connection with the resolution of a public-law dispute that arose between the parties to a disputed legal relationship. Therefore, on the basis of the analyzed approaches, it is possible to give one's own understanding of the legal category "administrative lawsuit" as a material legal demand of the plaintiff to the defendant addressed through the administrative court regarding the protection of rights, freedoms, interests or the exercise of powers in the field of public relations through the resolution of a public legal dispute on the principles of equality, dispositiveness and competitiveness of the parties.