Latissimus dorsi (LD) free flap and reconstruction plate used for extensive maxillo-mandibular reconstruction after tumour ablation

Abstract

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to consider the indications and evaluate the clinical advantages and disadvantages including, results and complications, of immediate reconstruction using a latissimus dorsi (LD) free flap and reconstruction plate (R-plate) in advanced oro-mandibular tumour resection. Methods and materialsOur cohort included 116 patients who underwent LD free flap and R-plate reconstruction. Flap survival, postoperative function, donor/recipient site complication and aesthetics were evaluated. ResultsOur series demonstrated a 99.1% flap survival rate. One case required a contralateral LD free flap reconstruction after the initial flap failed due to pedicle kinking. Twelve patients needed the plate to be removed and replaced (n=4, plate fracture; n=2, plate exposure) or definite reconstruction with free fibular flap and implant installation. Donor site complications included seroma accumulation, scarring, and discomfort of the shoulder girdle. The size of the skin paddle ranged from 6×10cm to 12×18cm (12 were double paddled).The facial contour was acceptable without sagging of the flap. The flap was tolerant to irradiation and was resistant to the exposure of the plate at the symphyseal arch. ConclusionOur series of primary reconstruction with LD free flaps and R-plates showed the retention of mandibular function and the reconstruction of considerably large soft tissue can be achieved successfully. This reconstruction scheme can be indicated for large-volume defects in the oro-mandibular area when the area cannot be covered by a single osteocutaneous free flap, has undergone extensive oncologic resection for advanced or high recurrence rate malignancy and when immediate postoperative chemotherapy and/or irradiation is necessary.