Abstract
Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemical messengers which play an important role in many of the brain functions, abnormal levels being correlated with physical, psychotic and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s disease. Therefore, their sensitive and robust detection is of great clinical significance. Electrochemical methods have been intensively used in the last decades for neurotransmitter detection, outclassing more complicated analytical techniques such as conventional spectrophotometry, chromatography, fluorescence, flow injection, and capillary electrophoresis. In this manuscript, the most successful and promising electrochemical enzyme-free and enzymatic sensors for neurotransmitter detection are reviewed. Focusing on the activity of worldwide researchers mainly during the last ten years (2010–2019), without pretending to be exhaustive, we present an overview of the progress made in sensing strategies during this time. Particular emphasis is placed on nanostructured-based sensors, which show a substantial improvement of the analytical performances. This review also examines the progress made in biosensors for neurotransmitter measurements in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo.
Highlights
Neurotransmitters (NTs) are endogenous chemical messengers which neurons use to communicate with each other, to act on muscle cells or to stimulate a response by glandular cells
Latest approaches reveal the multidetection of several neurotransmitters in complex matrices. One of these nanocomposites with outstanding analytical performance is represented by NiO-lacy flower-like (NLF) geometrical structure with semi-spherical head surfaces connected with a trunk as an arm
A glutamate biosensor was fabricated based on the electrocatalytic oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) by employing thionine/single-walled carbon nanotubes (Th/SWNTs) nanocomposite as mediator and enzyme immobilization matrix
Summary
Neurotransmitters (NTs) are endogenous chemical messengers which neurons use to communicate with each other, to act on muscle cells or to stimulate a response by glandular cells. NTs play an important role in many of the brain functions, such as behavior and cognition, cardiovascular, renal, and hormonal functions systems along with establishing human brain-body integration They affect and control heart rate and Sensors 2019, 2019, 19, 19, 2037. They affect and control heart heart rate and and muscle tone,with as well well as adjustment adjustment of cognition, cardiovascular, renal, and hormonal functions systems along with establishing human brain-body integration They affect and control rate muscle tone, as as of brain-body integration. They affect andcontrol control heart rate andmuscle muscle tone, aswell well asadjustment adjustment of brain-body integration They affect and control heart rate and muscle tone, asas well asas adjustment ofof learning, sleeping, memory, consciousness, mood and appetite. The most important neurotransmitters and their characteristics are reported inin
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
