Lateral violence and its effects on the health of sexual minority pre-service teachers in township schools in South Africa

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Research has identified teaching as a high-risk occupation for lateral violence in the form of harmful covert or overt acts of verbal or non-verbal behaviour carried out by one employee against another who holds an equal or lower position of power. The goal of this study was to explore and describe experiences of lateral violence and its impact on the health of sexual minority pre-service teachers in township schools in South Africa. There is a paucity of research on the experiences of sexual minority teachers in South African schools. A phenomenological approach was adopted, in which eight sexual minority pre-service teachers took part in in-depth interviews to capture their day-to-day experiences during teaching practice. Findings from the study revealed that sexual minority pre-service teachers experienced incidents of lateral violence, predominantly from school management and in-service teachers. These actions exist in tension with the Constitution of South Africa, which prohibits discrimination against citizens based on sexual orientation. Pre-service teachers in this study reported negative mental, physical and social health consequences arising from incidents of lateral violence in schools. Professional development for school management and both pre- and in-service teachers on issues of sexuality and gender diversity in South Africa is needed.