Abstract
IntroductionLateral cephalometric radiographs are traditionally required for orthodontic treatment, yet rarely used to assess asymmetries.ObjectiveThe objective of the present study was to use lateral cephalometric radiographs to identify existing skeletal and dentoalveolar morphological alterations in Class II subdivision and to compare them with the existing morphology in Class I and II relationship.Material and MethodsNinety initial lateral cephalometric radiographs of male and female Brazilian children aged between 12 to 15 years old were randomly and proportionally divided into three groups: Group 1 (Class I), Group 2 (Class II) and Group 3 (Class II subdivision). Analysis of lateral cephalometric radiographs included angular measurements, horizontal linear measurements and two indexes of asymmetry that were prepared for this study.ResultsIn accordance with an Index of Dental Asymmetry (IDA), greater mandibular dental asymmetry was identified in Group 3. An Index of Mandibular Asymmetry (IMA) revealed less skeletal and dental mandibular asymmetry in Group 2, greater skeletal mandibular asymmetry in Group 1, and greater mandibular dental asymmetry in Group 3.ConclusionBoth IDA and IMA revealed greater mandibular dental asymmetry for Group 3 in comparison to Groups 1 and 2. These results are in accordance with those found by other diagnostic methods, showing that lateral cephalometric radiography is an acceptable method to identify existing skeletal and dentoalveolar morphological alterations in malocclusions.
Highlights
Lateral cephalometric radiographs are traditionally required for orthodontic treatment, yet rarely used to assess asymmetries
Lateral cephalometric diagnosis of asymmetry in Angle Class II subdivision compared to canine relationships in Group 1 (Class I) and II
Class II subdivision is characterized by an asymmetrical posterior occlusal relationship in which the dental arches demonstrate a Class I relationship on one side and a Class II relationship on the other side
Summary
Lateral cephalometric radiographs are traditionally required for orthodontic treatment, yet rarely used to assess asymmetries. Results: In accordance with an Index of Dental Asymmetry (IDA), greater mandibular dental asymmetry was identified in Group 3. Conclusion: Both IDA and IMA revealed greater mandibular dental asymmetry for Group 3 in comparison to Groups 1 and 2. These results are in accordance with those found by other diagnostic methods, showing that lateral cephalometric radiography is an acceptable method to identify existing skeletal and dentoalveolar morphological alterations in malocclusions. Alavi et al[6] reported the distal position of the first lower molar as the main cause of Class II subdivision asymmetry These authors stated that asymmetry could have dentoalveolar or skeletal etiology. The position of dental midlines in relation to the facial midline was examined and revealed[8] that lower dental midline deviation was more common than upper midline deviation, suggesting the cause of this asymmetry to be mandibular in nature
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