Abstract
BackgroundOrganizational climate refers to an individual’s perception and experience of the climate of the work environment, and it is the most important environmental variable that affects individuals’ work performance. This study aims to classify characteristics of transformational leadership among kindergarten principals and examine their relationship to organizational climate.MethodsConvenience sampling yielded 498 kindergarten principals who completed the “Questionnaire on the Principal’s Transformational Leadership Behavior” and “Questionnaire on Organizational Climate.” Ethics approval was obtained from the Academic Ethics Committee of the College of Psychology of Northeast Normal University prior to starting the study.ResultsThree latent classes were identified, including the high-level (68.8%), care-virtues (35.7%), and virtues groups (5.3%). There were significant differences in support, directive, restrictive, colleague, intimate, and disengaged behavior scores between groups. In terms of support, colleague, and intimate behavior, the high-level group had the highest scores, followed by the care-virtues group and virtues group, respectively. Regarding restrictive and disengaged behaviors, the highest scores were received by the virtues group, followed by the care-virtues and high-level group, respectively.ConclusionThe study suggested that principals’ transformational leadership could be classified into three latent classes that are related to organizational climate.
Highlights
The global economic crisis that began in 2008 significantly affected workers worldwide, and its impacts continue in some countries (Mucci et al, 2016)
After latent classes were determined, we explored the relationships between principals’ latent class membership and the organizational climate of kindergartens
latent class analysis (LCA) of the Transformational Leadership of Kindergarten Principals Using a single-class model as a baseline, one category at a time was added to determine the minimum number of latent classes that would accurately model the relationship between the explicit behavior indicators of transformational leadership
Summary
The global economic crisis that began in 2008 significantly affected workers worldwide, and its impacts continue in some countries (Mucci et al, 2016). Workers’ anxiety concerning the economic crisis can lead to job stress and, thereby, to a decline in their mental health (Giorgi et al, 2015). A number of organizational characteristics may be significant in preventing and reducing the incidence of work-related stress (Giorgi et al, 2019), including organizational climate. In the context of an economic crisis, transformational leaders are better able to adjust their organizational and management goals purposefully, adapt to the times, and create an ideal working atmosphere to maximize the performance of their employees. This study aims to classify characteristics of transformational leadership among kindergarten principals and examine their relationship to organizational climate
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