Late Quaternary glaciations of Téyotl volcano, Central Mexico

Abstract

Geomorphic and stratigraphic evidence of three glacial advances were found on the Late Pleistocene lavas of Téyotl volcano (4660 m), located in the Iztaccíhuatl volcanic complex ( ca . 19 °N). The first glaciation (terminal moraines at 3400–3200 m) took place prior to 14,500 years BP. The second one (terminal moraines at 3800–4000 m) between 14,500 and 4800 years BP, apparently at the end of the Pleistocene. The third one (terminal moraines at 4060–4240 m) occurred after 4800 years BP, most likely around 2000 years BP. Small rock glaciers developed above 4300 m, probably during the Little Ice Age. Correlations are suggested with the glacial advances of other mountains of Central Mexico. Assuming that moist (and cool/cold) climates are responsible for glacial advances, the timing of glaciations is hypothesized in the light of existing palaeoecological records.