Abstract
Recent systematic excavations near the village of Kerassia (Northern Euboea) have yielded a diverse mamm al fauna of Late Miocene age. Among the most complete and prominent findings are a juvenile skull and an adult mandible that belong to two different homed rhinoceros species. The juvenile skull from the site Kerassia-3 (K3) is assigned to Ceratotherium neumayri, while the adult mandible from the plausibly isochronous site Kerassia-4 (K4) belongs to Dihoplus pikermiensis. These new specimens are compared with the known Eastern Medi terranean rhinocerotid record, which is briefly reviewed and updated. The potential interspecific interaction of both species is discussed. Most Eastern Mediterranean localities have yielded only one tandem-homed rhino. In localities with ample material (Pikermi, Samos ), where both species are present, one of them is more abundant, signifying a clear interspecific dominance. D. pikermiensis must have preferred temperate forested habitats, whereas the more specialized C. neumayri more open habitats. For the cases of sympatry, a marked resource partitioning is suggested, not excluding some territorial interaction by water resources or at the boundaries of mixed habitats. A partial dietary competition in these eases cannot be excluded, as well.
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