Abstract
Background: Late-life depressive symptomatology and motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) have independently been associated with an increased risk for incident dementia. This study aimed to examine the association of late-life depressive symptomatology, MCR, and their combination on incident dementia in community-dwelling older adults living in Quebec (Canada).Methods: The study was carried out in a subset of 1,098 community dwellers aged ≥65 years recruited in the “Nutrition as a determinant of successful aging: The Quebec longitudinal study” (NuAge), an observational prospective cohort study with 3 years follow-up. At baseline, MCR was defined by the association of subjective cognitive complaint with slow walking speed, and late-life depressive symptomatology with a 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) score >5/30. Incident dementia, defined as a Modified Mini-Mental State score ≤79/100 test and Instrumental Activity Daily Living score <4/4, was assessed at each annual visit.Results: The prevalence of late-life depressive symptomatology only was 31.1%, of MCR only 1.8%, and the combination of late-life depressive symptomatology and MCR 2.4%. The combination of late-life depressive symptomatology and MCR at baseline was associated with significant overall incident dementia (odds ratio (OR) = 2.31 with P ≤ 0.001) but not for MCR only (OR = 3.75 with P = 0.186) or late-life depressive symptomatology only (OR = 1.29 with P = 0.276).Conclusions: The combination of late-life depressive symptomatology and MCR is associated with incident dementia in older community dwellers. The results suggested an interplay between late-life depressive symptomatology and MCR exposing them to an increased risk for dementia.
Highlights
Late-life depressive symptomatology and motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) have independently been associated with an increased risk for incident dementia
The combination of late-life depressive symptomatology and MCR at baseline was associated with significant overall incident dementia (odds ratio (OR) = 2.31 with 95% confidence interval (CI) = [1.51– 3.52] with P ≤ 0.001 and R-Square = 0.224) but not for MCR only (OR = 3.75 with 95% CI = [0.53–26.56] with P = 0.186 and R-Square = 0.285) or late-life depressive symptomatology (OR = 1.29 with 95% CI = [0.82–2.04] with P = 0.276 and R-Square = 0.132) only (Figure 1)
The results showed that the combination of late-life depressive symptomatology and MCR is associated with incident dementia but not late-life depressive symptomatology and MCR only in the NuAge participants
Summary
Late-life depressive symptomatology and motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) have independently been associated with an increased risk for incident dementia. Older adults with late-life depressive symptomatology frequently have subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) and a slow walking speed compared to their healthy counterparts (Lichtenberg et al, 1995; Bennett and Thomas, 2014) The combination of these two clinical characteristics (i.e., SCC and slow walking speed) defines the motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR), which is associated with an increased risk for dementia (Verghese et al, 2013). It has been reported in the Canadian population that there was a higher prevalence of depressive symptomatology in adults with MCR compared to those without MCR (Sekhon et al, 2019a). This study aimed to investigate the association of late-life depressive symptomatology, MCR, and their combination with incident dementia in participants of the NuAge study
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