Abstract
Laser welding has been widely used in various industry fields. In order to further alter and broaden its applicability, a novel technology of laser welding under vacuum is introduced. The combination of high power laser and low ambient pressure provides an excellent welding performance and quality. In this paper, an overview on laser welding under vacuum is presented. It begins with a short introduction about the research status of laser welding under vacuum. Next, the equipment of laser welding under vacuum is introduced. Then, the fundamental phenomena of laser welding under vacuum, including penetration depth, weld geometry, plasma plume, molten pool and keyhole behaviors, are summarized in detail. Finally, the applications and prospects of laser welding under vacuum are proposed.
Highlights
Welding, a joining method by heat or pressure to make the materials reach the connection between atoms, is the most versatile and realistic joining technology in every industrial field [1,2]
The results showed that the interaction between the spot behaviors of a probe laser beam passing through the plasma plume under various ambient laser radiation plasma[36]
The research about the effect of ambient pressure on the plasma ionization and vapor ejection in plasma plume, the dynamic behavior of keyhole and molten pool, and the metallurgical behavior under vacuum will provide a good deal of insight into the fundamental processes of laser welding under vacuum
Summary
A joining method by heat or pressure to make the materials reach the connection between atoms, is the most versatile and realistic joining technology in every industrial field [1,2]. In the field of laser beam welding, constant attempts to alter and broaden the application possibilities have been made for years. New laser beam welding methods are appearing constantly, for example, laser welding with filler wire, remote laser welding, laser scanning welding, and so on [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18]. Among these new laser welding methods, laser welding under vacuum or under reduced pressure is one of the most promising methods. This paper makes a short overview of laser welding under vacuum. The applications and prospects of laser welding under vacuum are proposed
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