Abstract
The relationship of technological input regimes of the laser transformation hardening on change the hardening depth, hardening width, and hardening angle, as well as surface hardness of the tool steel AISI D2 using multifactor experiment with elements of the analysis of variance and regression equations was determined. The laser transformation hardening process implemented by controlling the heating temperature using Nd:YAG fiber laser with scanner, pyrometer and proportional-integral-differential controller. The linear and quadratic regression models are developed, as well as response surface to determine the effect of the heating temperature and feed rate of the treated surface on the energy density of the laser beam, hardening depths, hardening width, hardening angle, and surface hardness are designed. The main effect on the energy density of the laser beam has a velocity laser treatment, on the other hand, the main effect on the geometrical parameters of the laser hardened zone and surface hardness has temperature heating are shown. The optimum magnitudes of the heating temperature (1270 °C) and feed rate of the treated surface (90 mm/min) for laser transformation hardening of the tool steel AISI D2 using fiber laser with scanner were defined.
Highlights
One of the most important problems solved by mechanical engineering is to improve surface microrelief and to increase physical and mechanical properties of the surface layer of metal products, which work in extreme conditions, by means of the developing and application of modern technologies for surface treatment
Application of highly-concentrated energy sources of plasma flow [2], electron beam [3] and laser [4] radiation ensure high levels increasing the hardness of metal parts, but not always promote improving surface microrelief
Laser surface hardening of the tool steels by means of the laser transformation hardening (LTH) without melting [6] or with melting surface [7], and shock peening [8], by analogy with other types of hardening is the formation of the austenitic structure with the dissolution of carbide phases during rapid-action heating and its following transformation to martensite structure during cooling due to absorbing and transferring energy high concentrations to thin surface layer
Summary
One of the most important problems solved by mechanical engineering is to improve surface microrelief and to increase physical and mechanical properties of the surface layer of metal products, which work in extreme conditions, by means of the developing and application of modern technologies for surface treatment. To determine the effect of LTH regimes (factors) on the geometrical parameters hardening zones, as well as the magnitudes of the energy density of the laser beam and the surface hardness (dependent output variables) of the studied steel was used methods of mathematical planning of the experiment because of a large number of technological regimes. These methods allow reducing the number of needed experiments, to establish the relationship between the studied parameters and LTH regimes, and optimize process. As input factors (independent input variables) were used the following technological regimes of LTH process: the heating temperature and feed rate of the treated surface
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