Abstract
This study’s objective was to evaluate the efficacy of treating cutaneous wounds in Wistar rats using a therapeutic laser alone or in combination with topical application of andiroba oil. Twenty-four Wistar rats were distributed into three groups (T4, T7, and T14) of eight animals. To prepare the wounds, a total of four skin fragments per animal were removed using an 8-mm cutaneous biopsy punch. Each animal was inflicted with four surgical wounds, and each wound was subjected to one treatment. The treatments were as follows: saline solution (control, Cn); laser therapy (L), using a 660-nm laser wavelength and 10-J/cm² energy density; fresh andiroba oil (An); laser therapy followed by topical andiroba oil administration (LAn). All treatments in all animals were conducted for 4- (T4), 7- (T7), and 14- (T14) day periods. Edema and purulent secretion were observed in three animals in the An group, and the appearance of an exuberant crust was also observed in one animal from the same group. The LAn group presented the worst wound healing rate and contraction velocity (p < 0.05). Microscopically, there was no difference between groups regarding the presence of inflammation, necrosis, formation of granulation tissue, fibroplasia, and the presence of types 1 and 3 collagen at different treatment times. It was concluded that laser treatment of cutaneous wounds in conjunction with andiroba oil application did not present benefits in reference to the 0.9% NaCl.
Highlights
Healing is a systemic process, and its efficiency is linked to an organism’s conditions
In group L, edema occurred in one rat on days 6, 7, and 8, and in the LAn group, one rat presented edema on the 2nd postoperative day
The presence of crusts in the wounds of animals treated with andiroba oil was consistent with the findings of Brito and colleagues (BRITO et al, 2001), who evaluated the healing capacity of andiroba oil applied in natura in Wistar rat wounds and observed that those treated with andiroba oil presented a fibrin-leukocyte crust of greater size and thickness with the presence of abundant exudate in the first 3 d and edema when compared with the control of 0.9% NaCl
Summary
Healing is a systemic process, and its efficiency is linked to an organism’s conditions. Several mechanisms acting jointly are needed for healing to occur (CAMPOS, BORGES-BRANCO; GROTH, 2007). Healing is usually classified into three stages: inflammation, proliferation, and maturation (BAUM; ARPEY, 2006). The main objective of wound management is to allow the skin to heal as soon as possible and decreasing pain (DEVRIENDT; DE ROOSTER, 2017). Non-traditional therapeutic modalities, such as phytotherapy, have gained popularity in medical treatment, reflected by an increase in the number of studies and natural products to augment healing (OLIVEIRA et al, 2010). In Brazil, andiroba, known as crabwood (Carapa guianensis), is used topically for wounds and bruises as a healing agent and is used for several other skin diseases. Andiroba’s main effects include disinfection, healing, analgesia, and anti-inflammation (GILBERT, 2006; NAYAK et al, 2011)
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