Abstract
In this paper, our recent works on the alkali atoms in superfluid helium (HeII) are reported. At first we mention the laser-sputtering method for implantation, which is simple but is very efficient to produce various kinds of neutral atoms and molecules in Hell. Secondly, we report on the laser spectroscopy of alkali atoms in Hell. Optical excitation and emission spectra are found to be explained by a spherical atomic bubble model. The emission spectra corresponding to the D 2 lines indicate the existence of quadrupole oscillations of the bubble shape. Optical pumping by a circularly polarized laser beam is found to produce perfect polarization, for both electron and nuclear spins. Using the rf-optical double resonance techniques, the magnetic and hyperfine resonances are observed. The quenching of the D line fluorescence by surrounding helium is also discussed.
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