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Abstract
This current retrospective study, including 98 patients aged 21 to 71 years, aims to assess the safety and the efficiency of a picosecond 755 nm/532 nm laser in the removal of complex eyebrows tattoos. Patients were treated with a picosecond laser at 755 nm with fluences ranging from 0.69 to 6.37 J/cm2 and at 532 nm with a fluence of 0.64 or 1.12 J/cm2. Analyses of Variance (ANOVA, single factor) and comparison tests (F-test) were conducted. A total of 70 subjects finished the full treatment. An average of three laser sessions were necessary to achieve the patients’ objective (total removal, attenuation for redo, or correction). The number of sessions was significantly higher if cosmetic tattoos contained visible warm pigments (red, orange, yellow). A total of 18 patients experienced immediate grey discoloration, although this was not found to significantly influence the number of laser sessions. The main side effects were redness, swelling, and bleeding points. One patient experienced a bruise immediately after laser shots. This retrospective study has shown the picosecond laser to be safe and efficient in removing complex cosmetic tattoos. Further investigation is ongoing to assess optimal parameters for treating red and white pigments.
Highlights
In the retrospective study conducted by Hartman et al, the use of picosecond 1064 nm laser to remove facial cosmetic tattoos led to satisfactory results after three laser sessions
Type I: Permanent make-up Enthusiast patients (PMU-E) who were aware of new trends in permanent make-up and wanted to freshen up their cosmetic eyebrow tattoos
Session, only the yellow pigment is remaining; (d) after 5 sessions. This retrospective study on a large panel has shown that the picosecond laser was efficient in removing cosmetic tattoos composed of black and warm inks
Summary
Whatever the dermopigmentation technique used, the cosmetic tattoo ink for eyebrows is generally a complex mixture of pigments. They may contain mineral pigments such as red ferric iron oxide (Fe2 O3, CI 77491), yellow hydrated ferric iron oxide (Fe2 O3 .H2 O, CI 77492), black ferrous iron oxide (Fe3 O4 , CI 77499), green chromium oxide (Cr2 O3 , CI 77288), or white titanium oxide (TiO2 , CI 77891). In the retrospective study conducted by Hartman et al, the use of picosecond 1064 nm laser to remove facial cosmetic tattoos led to satisfactory results after three laser sessions
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