Abstract
Laser processing of Ti6Al4V alloy surface, via repetitive pulses, is realized incorporating the nitrogen assisting gas. The texture characteristics of the surface and wetting state are analyzed. The free energy of the laser treated surface is estimated. The influence of the dust particles on the treated and untreated surfaces is examined. The solution formed due to water condensate on the dust particles is evaluated. The adhesion of the mud dried solution on the treated and untreated surfaces is assessed through determining the tangential force required for the removal of the solution from the surface. The findings demonstrate that the high power laser repetitive pulse heating results in formation of the hieratically distributed micro/nano pillars on the workpiece surface. The wetting state of the processed surface remains hydrophilic because of the large gap size between the micro/nano pillars. The free energy of the laser textured surface is similar to that obtained for the TiN coated surfaces, which is because of the nitride compounds developed during the processing. The dried liquid solution strongly adheres at the surface and the force needed for removing the dried liquid solution is almost four times of the friction force at the surface. The liquid solution gives rise to locally scattered shallow pit sites on as received surface. This phenomenon does not occur for the laser treated surface, which is related to the passive layer developed on the surface.
Highlights
Titanium alloys become demanding in many industrial applications due to the requirements of high toughness to mass ratio; some of their applications are limited because of poor tribological properties of the alloy surface
Since the titanium alloys are used in open environments, their surfaces become subject to the dust particle effects in humid air environments
The dust collected in outdoor environment is characterized and the bonding of the liquid solution, which is extracted from the dust particles and water condensate mixture through mimicking the outdoor environmental humid air conditions, is assessed
Summary
Titanium alloys become demanding in many industrial applications due to the requirements of high toughness to mass ratio; some of their applications are limited because of poor tribological properties of the alloy surface. The dust particles contain alkaline and alkaline earth metal compounds, which can dissolve in the water condensate in humid air ambient The dissolution of these compounds can cause the chemically active liquid solution spreads on the substrate surface under the gravitational potential energy. Examination of the laser processing of titanium alloys and effects of the environmental dust particles on the laser treated surface becomes fruitful incorporating the humid air ambient conditions. A study on the femtosecond laser nano-patterning of Ti6Al4V alloy was carried out by Rotella et al [13] They demonstrated that the periodic texture characteristics could be resulted on the surface via high speed surface ablation. The environmental dust particles compose of alkaline and alkaline earth metals, which can dissolve in water condensate and forms chemically active fluid on the laser processed surface. The dust collected in outdoor environment is characterized and the bonding of the liquid solution, which is extracted from the dust particles and water condensate mixture through mimicking the outdoor environmental humid air conditions, is assessed
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