Abstract
The paper presents the results of studies of microstructure, mechanical and physicochemical properties of surface layers produced by laser modification of the diffusion boron layer on Monel® Alloy 400. The diffusion boron layers were produced at 950 °C for 6 h. The gas-contact method was used in an open retort furnace. The process was carried out in a powder mixture containing B4C carbide as a boron source. The next stage was the modification of the boron layer with a diode laser beam of a nominal power of 3 kW. A constant power of 1400 W of the laser beam was used. The scanning speed was variable (successively 5 m/min, 25 m/min, 50 m/min). In order to determine the best parameters, single tracks were created, after which multiple tracks were prepared using previously selected parameters. It was found that both the diffusion borided layer and the laser modified layer had better properties than the substrate material. Both these processes contributed to an increase in corrosion resistance, hardness and wear resistance. It was also found that laser modification caused a slight deterioration of the properties in comparison with the diffusion borided layer. However, the laser modification process resulted in the production of a much thicker layer.
Highlights
IntroductionA representative of such alloys is Monel® Alloy 400, but its low hardness and wear resistance restrict the fields in which it can be applied [1,2]
Nickel alloys are widely used in the automotive and chemical or marine industries.A representative of such alloys is Monel® Alloy 400, but its low hardness and wear resistance restrict the fields in which it can be applied [1,2]
A boron layer formed on Monel® Alloy 400 has a needle-like structure similar in nature to boron layers formed on iron alloys
Summary
A representative of such alloys is Monel® Alloy 400, but its low hardness and wear resistance restrict the fields in which it can be applied [1,2] It has good corrosion resistance, mechanical properties are undoubtedly important. Monel® Alloy 400 is a Ni-Cu alloy known for its high corrosion resistance, in particular in seawater, alkaline solutions, salts and selected acids such as organic, sulfuric, hydrofluoridic and phosphoric These alloys are widely used in valves, pumps, heat exchangers, bearings and shafts, working in the equipment of marine and oil industry. Boron mixing with the base material contributes to obtaining a layer with new unique properties, probably without the aforementioned drawbacks in the form of brittleness. To the authors’ best knowledge, reports focused on surface modification Monel 400 by boron for improving the mechanical properties are very rare in the literature
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