Laser‐Processed Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules

Abstract

In the last decade, hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite‐based solar cells (PSCs) have shown an impressive rate of growth in performance, reaching power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) comparable with the ones exhibited by crystalline silicon devices. Recently, perovskite‐based solar modules (PSMs) have been developed, showing a similar pace in the progress of the reported PCE. Nevertheless, scaling up the dimensions of devices is not a trivial process. To this effect, different deposition and manufacturing techniques have to be implemented. Laser apparatuses have been demonstrated to be fundamental in the production of PSMs, due to the extreme precision needed for manufacturing processes. Herein, an overview of the recent progresses in the application of laser systems in the production of perovskite‐based solar devices is provided. In particular, lasers are used in small‐area PSCs to realize pulsed laser deposition procedures for the realization of perovskite layers and novel electrodes. In the field of PSMs, lasers have boosted the exploitation of substrates, minimizing the dimension of interconnection areas between the cells that form a module and providing the necessary accuracy, repeatability, and level of automation needed for the future industrialization of perovskite‐based solar technology.