Abstract
Manipulation of magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) by an external magnetic field has been widely studied in the fields of biotechnology and medicine for collecting and/or reacting biomaterials in the solutions. Here, dynamic behaviors of MNP in solution under changing gradient magnetic field were investigated using our newly developed laser transmission system (LTS) with a variable magnetic field manipulator. The manipulator consists of a moving permanent magnet placed beside the optical cell filled with MNP solution. A laser beam was focused on the cell and the transmitted laser beam was detected by a silicon photodiode, so that the localized concentration of the MNP at the focused area could be evaluated by the intensity of transmitted laser beam. In this study, the LTS was applied to evaluate dynamic behaviors of MNP in serum solution. Dispersion and aggregation of MNP in the solution were evaluated. While time evolution of dispersion depends on the serum concentration, the behavior during aggregation by the magnetic field was independent of the serum concentration. A series of measurements for zeta-potentials, distributions of particle size, and magnetization distributions was carried out to understand this difference in the behavior. The results indicated that a Brownian motion was main force to distribute the MNP in the solution; on the other hand, the magnetic force to the MNP mainly affected the behavior during aggregation of the MNP in the solution.
Highlights
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) have been widely studied in biology for manipulating biomaterials combined with magnetic nanoparticles (MNP)
The results indicated that a Brownian motion was main force to distribute the MNP in the solution; on the other hand, the magnetic force to the MNP mainly affected the behavior during aggregation of the MNP in the solution
While static properties of MNP have been studied by many researchers using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic behavior of the MNP has not been studied in detail
Summary
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) have been widely studied in biology for manipulating biomaterials combined with MNP. MNP generally are a few nanometers in size, so that they show superparamagnetic This superparamagnetic is considered to be one of good features of MNP for biological applications, because the magnetic moments of MNP rapidly relax by absence of external magnetic fields. A lot of emerging systems using MNP has been proposed and developed in biology and medicine: drug delivery using magnetic field gradients, magnetic particle imaging (MPI), and magnetic immunoassay (MIA).. A lot of emerging systems using MNP has been proposed and developed in biology and medicine: drug delivery using magnetic field gradients, magnetic particle imaging (MPI), and magnetic immunoassay (MIA).7–10 In this kind of applications, MNP are manipulated by magnetic field gradients, so that it could be important to understand dynamic behaviors of MNP under exposure of magnetic field gradients. We evaluate difference in the motion of MNP in different solutions using this system
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