Abstract
A series of c-axis oriented BaTiO 3 /SrTiO 3 superlattices with the atomic-scale precision were epitaxially grown on single-crystal SrTiO 3 (100) substrates using laser molecular-beam epitaxy (LMBE). A periodic modulation of the intensity of reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) in BaTiO 3 and SrTiO 3 layers was observed and attributed to the lattice-misfit-induced periodic variation of the terrace density in film surface. The relationship between the second-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities and the superlattice structure was systematically studied. The experimental and theoretical fitting results indicate that the second-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities of BaTiO 3 /SrTiO 3 superlattices were greatly enhanced with the maximum value being more than one order of magnitude larger than that of bulk BaTiO 3 crystal. The mechanism of the enhancement of the second-order optical nonlinearity was discussed by taking into account the stress-induced lattice distortion and polarization enhancement.
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