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Abstract
We report the generation of femtosecond Bessel beams of conical half-angle 26 degrees using an axicon lens and a beam reduction imaging setup. The generated Bessel beams were applied to the micromachining of nanostructures in glass of length up to 100 μm. The effect of the incident pulse energy on the characteristics of the nano- structures was studied using optical microscopy.
Highlights
The machining of highly reproducible micro- and nanostructures within transparent dielectric materials is a long-standing challenge for potential applications in many important areas such as photonics, microfluidics, and photonic crystal fabrication [1, 2]
As we see from these figures, a Bessel beam of long and narrow central core is produced by the constructive interference of the Gaussian beam with the help of an axicon lens and fringes with lower intensities surrounding the beam core are observed
It is demonstrated that Bessel beams generated by femtosecond laser using an axicon lens enable us to machine long and narrow nanostructures in glass effectively, opening an alternative path for high aspect ratio microfluidic and photonic device fabrication
Summary
The machining of highly reproducible micro- and nanostructures within transparent dielectric materials is a long-standing challenge for potential applications in many important areas such as photonics, microfluidics, and photonic crystal fabrication [1, 2]. The use of femtosecond laser processing technology has recently been identified as a convenient and robust response to this challenge, and has been successfully applied to produce a wide range of structures such as waveguides, voids and channels. This technology still faces the issue of producing high aspect ratio structures because machining using focussed Gaussian beams suffers from the inevitable diffraction-induced tradeoff between beam waist and longitudinal interaction length. This imposes severe limits on the usefulness of this approach. Laser induced structures of micron and sub-micron size can be achieved, with the formation of such structures often attributed to a phenomenon known as a microexplosion [4,5]
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