Abstract
Pelargonium graveolens, rose-scented geranium, is commonly used in the perfume industry. P. graveolens is enriched with essential oils, phenolics, flavonoids, which account for its tremendous biological activities. Laser light treatment and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation can further enhance the phytochemical content in a significant manner. In this study, we aimed to explore the synergistic impact of these two factors on P. graveolens. For this, we used four groups of surface-sterilized seeds: (1) control group1 (non-irradiated; non-colonized group); (2) control group2 (mycorrhizal colonized group); (3) helium-neon (He-Ne) laser-irradiated group; (4) mycorrhizal colonization coupled with He-Ne laser-irradiation group. Treated seeds were growing in artificial soil inculcated with Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833, in a climate-controlled chamber. After 6 weeks, P. graveolens plants were checked for their phytochemical content and antibacterial potential. Laser light application improved the mycorrhizal colonization in P. graveolens plants which subsequently increased biomass accumulation, minerals uptake, and biological value of P. graveolens. The increase in the biological value was evident by the increase in the essential oils production. The concomitant application of laser light and mycorrhizal colonization also boosted the antimicrobial activity of P. graveolens. These results suggest that AMF co-treatment with laser light could be used as a promising approach to enhance the metabolic content and yield of P. graveolens for industrial and pharmaceutical use.
Highlights
Introduction distributed under the terms andThe worldwide interest in the use of medicinal plants as a therapeutic agent has been arising due to their ease of availability and administration, cost-effectiveness, and perhaps fewer side effects than synthetic drugs
We investigated the synergistic effect of laser light and mycorrhizal treatment on the phytochemical content of P. graveolens
The P. graveolens sterilized seeds were co-cultivated with Rhizophagus irregularis and/or He-Ne laser light in a controlled environment
Summary
Introduction distributed under the terms andThe worldwide interest in the use of medicinal plants as a therapeutic agent has been arising due to their ease of availability and administration, cost-effectiveness, and perhaps fewer side effects than synthetic drugs. Medicinal plants are a rich source of active ingredients known as primary and secondary metabolites. Is one of the medicinal herbs which belongs to the Geraniaceae family and is commonly known as rose-scented geranium. P. graveolens is known for its aromatic properties and rich content of terpenoid-essential oil, phenolics, and flavonoids. It has been utilized in the flavor, perfume, and fragrance industries [3,4]. Essential oils extracted from the aqueous extract of P. graveolens exhibit in vitro antimicrobial activity, especially against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus [5]. The major rose oil constituent (about 28%), and rose geranium essential oil constituent (10%) are demonstrated to have antimicrobial activity against different microorganisms [6]
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