Abstract
We report on a Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) system with a very high temporal resolution, using femtosecond and picosecond pulse laser excitation of pure aluminum (Al). By using a 140 fs Ti:Sapphire laser in an ultrafast optical Kerr gate (OKG), we demonstrate LIBS sampling with a sub-ps time resolution (0.8 ± 0.08 ps) in a 14 ns window. The width of the gating window in this system was as narrow as 0.8 ps, owing to the inclusion of a carbon disulfide (CS(2)) cell, which has a fast response and a large nonlinear coefficient. Furthermore, when using a 100 ps pulsed Nd:YAG laser and a fast photomultiplier tube (PMT) we demonstrate a LIBS system with a nanosecond time resolution (2.20 ± 0.08 ns) in a microsecond window. With this sort of temporal resolution, a non-continuous decay in the Al signal could be observed. After 50 ns decay of the first peak, the second peak at 230 ns is started to perform. Experimental results with such short temporal windows in LIBS, in both nanosecond and microsecond ranges, are important for fast temporal evolution measurements and observations of early continuum emission in materials.
Highlights
Laser ablation is produced by focusing pulsed laser beams onto matter, which results in a plasma [1]
Spectral analysis of the light emitted in an ablation process provides information about the atomic composition of the sample via the spectral signatures of particular atoms, and is known as laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) or laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS)
We report on a LIBS system which uses an optical Kerr gate (OKG) to reduce the gating time of the diagnostic
Summary
Laser ablation is produced by focusing pulsed laser beams onto matter, which results in a plasma [1]. Some attention has been focused on the basic diagnostics aspects and plasmaparticle interactions in LIBS, because the quantitative capabilities of the technique may be considered its Achilles' heel This is a result of the complex nature of the laser-sample interaction processes, which depend on the material properties of a sample and on the laser characteristics [7]. To measure the time evolution of spectral line emission in LIBS using nanosecond laser pulses, a time resolution on the order of 100 ns is generally considered to be adequate for windows on the time scale of microsecond. When the LIBS signal is detected directly with a fast PMT, we achieved a nanosecond time resolution within a microsecond time window
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