Abstract
Keloid scars, in contrast to other scar types, significantly reduce the patient's quality of life. To develop a nondestructive optical diagnostic technique predicting the keloid scars formation in vivo, laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LFS) was used to study the autofluorescence in skin of patients with various types of head and neck cicatricial deformities. The unexpected results were obtained for the endogenous fluorescence of lipofuscin. Significantly reduced autofluorescence of lipofuscin was registered both in the intact and in the keloid scar tissues in comparison with the intact and scar tissues in patients with hypertrophic and normotrophic scars. Sensitivity and specificity achieved by LFS in keloid diagnosis are 81.8% and 93.9% respectively. It could take place due to the changes in the reductive-oxidative balance in cells, as well as due to the proteolysis processes violation. Therefore, we suppose that the evaluation of the lipofuscin autofluorescence in skin before any surgical intervention could predict the probability of the subsequent keloid scars formation.
Highlights
Imaging or spectroscopy techniques used in vivo and based on autofluorescence in medical applications, consist in recording emitted light by endogenous fluorophores after the excitation of biological tissue with monochromatic light
As for the practical medicine, the laser fluorescence spectroscopy (LFS) in vivo is applied mainly for cancer monitoring at the photodynamic therapy as well as for the intraoperative navigation held while defining borders of malignant neoplasms [1,2]
The fluorescence intensity increases with the proliferating number of the fluorescence emitting atoms and molecules, that is, in accordance with the changes of local concentration of the endogenous fluorophores in the area under examination
Summary
Imaging or spectroscopy techniques used in vivo and based on autofluorescence in medical applications, consist in recording emitted light by endogenous fluorophores after the excitation of biological tissue with monochromatic light. The laser fluorescence spectroscopy (LFS) is based on recording of fluorescence spectra. The fluorescence intensity increases with the proliferating number of the fluorescence emitting atoms and molecules, that is, in accordance with the changes of local concentration of the endogenous fluorophores in the area under examination. Whereas the method is sensitive to the minor changes in the biochemical tissue composition, it makes it possible to diagnose a number of pathologies at early stages [4,5,6,7,8]
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