Laser‐Engraved Boron‐Doped Diamond for Copper Catalyzed Non‐Enzymatic Glucose Sensing

Abstract

AbstractRobust and high‐performance electrochemical electrodes for non‐enzymatic glucose sensing are in constant demand. Herein, a hierarchical nonenzymatic glucose sensing electrode on boron‐doped diamond (BDD) is fabricated using high‐speed laser engraving and pulsed electrodeposition of Cu nanostructures. The obtained electrode contains a densely packed Cu nanoflake (CuNF) array periodically decorated on the laser‐engraved BDD. The hierarchical nanoarchitecture combines the d‐band catalytic activity of the CuNFs with the low capacitive background current of the engraved BDD substrate, thus enabling fast, precise, and high signal‐to‐noise ratio detection of trace glucose. Outstanding performances that combine high sensitivity of 2119 µA cm–2 mm–1, ultrafast response time of <1 s, and low detection limit of 0.2 × 10−6 m are experimentally demonstrated. Furthermore, the electrode exhibits excellent cyclicality and anti‐interference ability, and maintains 90% of its initial responsivity after being stored in air for >8 months, indicating great stability for practical usage.