Abstract
This work aimed to develop an empirical statistical model to determine the optimized parameters for depositing multi-bead single layer Stellite-6 coating on AISI 316 L austenitic stainless steel by laser cladding. A full factorial experimental design was carried out to establish a correlation between processing parameters (laser power, scanning speed and powder feed rate) and geometric characteristics of the coatings (dilution, peak height and surface waviness) through multiple regression. Optimized deposition parameters were estimated by desirability function and experimentally validated. The microstructure and microhardness were assessed as a mean of estimate the performance of optimized coating. The empirical-statistical model and optimization method proposed in this work were demonstrated to be valuable tools for process optimization with low computational cost. This would contribute for a higher material efficiency and reducing post-processing operations, such as machining. As expected for Stellite-6 coatings, the microstructure was composed of dendrites rich in cobalt and interdendritic regions composed of chromium carbides. The microhardness level corroborates the literature, suggesting that the performance was not compromised in favor of the coating geometry.
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