Abstract
The wide power dispersion and high effective temperature of radiation call forth the useful application of lasers for the investigation of high-temperature and gas dynamical processes as well as in plasma physics. By means of lasers, it is possible to investigate the phase transition in any substance, determine the thermophysical parameters, and study the phase transition kinetics in the wide interval of temperature and pressure. It is also possible to study the state equation and optical properties of various substances at high temperatures. The powerful lasers permit production of high-temperature plasmas of any chemical composition and the strong shock wave in the gases and dense media. The maximum obtained velocities reach up to 300 km/s and temperatures more than 100 eV. The described plasma is an interesting object for study of various elementary processes taking place in the equilibrium as well as in the nonequilibrium state of the substance.
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