Abstract
The comparison of tissues analyzed by LA-ICP-MS is challenging in many aspects, both medical and mathematical. The concept of distinguishing regions of interest (ROIs) was proposed in the literature, allowing for data reduction and targeted comparative analysis. ROIs can be drawn before any analysis, by indicating the anatomical parts of tissue, or after the first step of analysis, by using elemental distribution maps and characteristic regions of enrichment in selected elements. A simple method for identifying different regions, without the manual extraction of image fragments, is highly needed in biological experiments, where large groups of individuals (with samples taken from each of them) is very common. In the present study, two ROIs were distinguished: (1) tissue-rich in fat (and tissue-poor in water); and (2) tissue-rich in water (and tissue-poor in fat). ROIs were extracted mathematically, using an algorithm based on the relationship between 13C and 23Na signal intensities. A cut-off point was indicated in the point of the simultaneous decrease in 13C and increase in 23Na signal intensity. Separate analyses of chemically different ROIs allow for targeted comparison, which is a great advantage of laser ablation over liquid introductions to ICP-MS. In the present experiment, tissues were provided from animals with implanted prostate cancer cells as well as supplemented with mineral compounds particularly important both for prostate gland functions (Zn and Se) and neoplastic processes (Ca, Fe, and Cu). One of the goals was to try to determine whether dietary supplementation qualitatively and quantitatively affects the mineral composition of the prostate gland.
Highlights
IntroductionProstate cancer is the most common malignancy in men, and the morbidity has a tendency to increase
It can be noted that 13 C and 23 Na signal intensities are negatively correlated, and two regions of interest (ROIs) were distinguished based on this observation: (1) rich in organic matter/fat and poor in water (F); and (2) rich in water and poor in organic matter (W)
Is possible due to a simple mathematical operation, i.e., sorting signal intensities by descending signal intensity for the chosen isotope and finding cut-off points that may be the inflection point, local extremum, or another visible change in the course of the Distinguishing two chemically different ROIs in one sample analyzed by LA-ICPMS is possible due to a simple mathematical operation, i.e., sorting signal intensities by descending signal intensity for the chosen isotope and finding cut-off points that may be the inflection point, local extremum, or another visible change in the course of the function
Summary
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men, and the morbidity has a tendency to increase. Dietary factors (such as energy intake [5], saturated fatty acids, trans-isomers, n-3 fatty acids [6], calcium [7], selenium, vitamin E [8], vitamin D [9]) were studied, no clear recommendation could be listed apart from the facts versatile for all cancers prevention [10]. Dietary factors can modify elemental metabolism before the occurrence of morphological signs of disease, focusing attention on chemical alterations apart from histopathological changes in tissues. Particular regions of structure and chemical composition can be distinguished within the prostate gland, e.g., the peripheral zone, rich in specialized zinc-accumulating cells responsible for citrate production and secretion [11]
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