Larynx Cancer: Review of 11 Years of Activity in the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department of University Hospital Gabriel Toure, Bamako

Abstract

Objectives: To study the epidemio-clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of laryngeal cancers in the ENT department of the University Hospital Gabriel Toure. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective study over a period of 11 years from January 2008 to December 2019. We made an exhaustive sampling of all cases of malignant tumors of the larynx in the ENT department of the University Hospital Gabriel TOURE. Variables studied: frequency, sex, age, clinic, imaging, histology, TNM classification, treatment received and follow-up time was 1 to 11 years. Result: we noted a male predominance (44 men/13 women). The average age was 52.23 years, with extremes of 32 and 74 years. Smoking was reported by 40 patients (72% of cases). The average in pack-years is 29.32 with extremes of 4 to 60 packs/ year. Alcoholism was reported by 6 patients (9% of cases). Squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant histological type (100%); extension to 2 or 3 floors was objectified in 69% of cases. Complementary radiotherapy in 26 patients after total laryngectomy. Chemotherapy was done in a neoadjuvant situation in 36 cases. Overall survival was: 52.6% at 1 year, 33.3% at 3 years; 26.3% at 5 years and 12.28% at 11 years. Conclusion: Most often, late diagnosis is due to the absence of a national strategy and the underestimation of the first symptoms. Surgery coupled with radiotherapy is the treatment of choice.