LARYNGOTRACHEO BRONCHIAL FOREIGN BODY: ABOUT 27 CASES

Abstract

Laryngotracheobronchial foreign bodies in children (CLTB) is a serious accident that can be life threatening. The penetration syndrome is often obvious, but endoscopy can be used for both diagnosis and treatment. The objective of this study is to analyse the different epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of laryngotracheobronchial foreign bodies in children in the ENT and cervicofacial surgery department of the military hospital of Nouakchott. This is a prospective study spread over a period of 30 months from December 1, 2019 to May 31, 2022, on children with foreign body inhalation, aged less than 15 years. The average age of our patients was 6.7 years with extremes ranging from 01 year to 14 years. A male predominance was noted with a sex ratio of 2.37. Patients evacuated from the interior of the country represented 33.33% of cases. The average admission time was 33 days. The clinical condition of the child on arrival was varied: a strictly normal examination in 29.62% of cases, coughing in 70% of cases, respiratory distress with signs of struggle in 25.92%, alteration of the general condition with signs of exhaustion in 14.81% of cases. Standard radiography showed a radiopaque foreign body in 52% of cases. Rigid bronchoscopy was performed in all our patients (27 cases), and allowed extraction of EC in 100% of cases. The right bronchial location was observed in 51.81% of cases. Non-organic foreign bodies were found in 52%. The outcome was favourable in 96.29% of cases, death and tracheal stenosis were observed in 3.7% respectively.