Laryngo-tracheal stenosis following endotracheal intubation

Abstract

Background: Despite significant improvements in the biocompatibility of materials used for tracheal tubes, laryngeal and tracheal lesions as long-term complications of artificial airways continue to be problematic in patients requiring prolonged airway support. Methods: We present a case of postintubation tracheal stenosis in a 63-year-old woman with a history of dyspnoea on exertion after a relatively short period of intubation. Endoscopic examination performed a few weeks later revealed a tracheal stenosis. Consequently, she underwent a tracheal resection and reconstruction with good overall result. Conclusions: We highlight the fact that some patients with airway narrowing could be misdiagnosed as having bronchial asthma. The incidence of airway stenosis is relatively low, but a history of artificial airway should always be obtained. Endotracheal tube size and cuff pressure vare considered as two major risk factors for laryngo-tracheal stenosis.