Larvicidal potential of Lantana camara as bio larvicidal for Aedes aegypti 3rd instar larvae

Abstract

Resistance to temephos as a larvicide of A. aegypti mosquitoes has occurred in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to look for other active compounds that can act as larvicides that have environmentally friendly characteristics. This study used fractions of hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol leaf extract of L. camara as a larvicide. The process begins with fraction extraction of dried L. camara leaf follow by the phytochemical screening of the extracts. Test solutions were made with a concentration of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 ppm from the extract. Larvicide test was carried out referring to WHOPES by observing the mortality of 3rd instar larvae of A. aegypti mosquitoes for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Based on this study, instar 3 larvae of A. aegypti was most susceptible to ethyl acetate fraction compared to other fractions with LC50 of 564, 102, and 84 ppm at 24, 48, and 72 hours respectively. The active compounds in the ethyl acetate were flavonoids, steroids, saponins, and glycosides. Generally, L. camara leaf extract has the potential to be a bio larvicide.