Larvicidal and acaricidal efficacy of different solvent extracts of Andrographis echioides against blood-sucking parasites

Abstract

Insecticide barrier and insufficient awareness to the execution of topical larvicidal and acaricidal are general reason for treatment defeat. Medicinal plants are safe alternatives due to their less toxicity and uncomplicated biodegradability to the organisms. In the present study different solvent extracts of Andrographis echioides were evaluated for larvicidal and acaricidal activity against fourth instar larvae of Aedes aegypti L, Culex quinquefasciatus (say) (Diptera: Culicidae) and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus canestrini (Acari: Ixodidae). The larvicidal and acaricidal mortality were observed after 24 h exposure of extracts like petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous extract. Among that, methanolic extract shows maximum activity against A. aegypti, C. quinquefasciatus, and R. microplus, (LC50 = 93.00, 83.06 and 105.84 ppm; LC90 = 171.81, 171.76 and 198.73 ppm; χ2 = 11.038, 1.075 and 7.867) respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of Oxirane Tridecyl- (34.89% area) for petroleum ether extract, Z,E-2-Methyl-3,13-Octadecadien-1-OL (29.08% area) for ethyl acetate extract, Silane Dimethyl- (59.89% area) for methanolic extract of A. echioides in major amount. These compounds could be responsible for larvicidal and the acaricidal activity of A. echioides. We reports here for the first time on this ideal, eco-friendly and cost effective approach against larvicidal and acaricidal activity from A. echioides leaf extracts.