Larvicidal Activity of Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles from Curcuma zedoaria Essential Oil against Culex quinquefasciatus.

Nataya Sutthanont,Siriluck Attrapadung,Surang Nuchprayoon

doi:10.3390/insects10010027

Nataya Sutthanont, Siriluck Attrapadung + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/insects10010027

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Abstract

Culex quinquefasciatus is the major vector of the bancroftian filarial parasite which causes human lymphatic filariasis and St. Louis encephalitis. The simple way to stop the transmission is to control the vector by using synthetic chemicals. However, herbal essential oils have biological properties, such as a larvicidal effect and are ecofriendly to use. In this study, we investigated the larvicidal activity of Curcuma zedoaria essential oil (ZEO) and biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using this essential oil (ZEO-AgNPs). The larvicidal activity against both insecticide-susceptible and -resistant strains of Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae of ZEO were investigated and compared with ZEO-AgNPs. The ZEO-AgNPs showed the utmost toxicity against both strains of Cx. quinquefasciatus. After 24 h of exposure, LC50 and LC99 of ZEO against susceptible strain were 36.32 and 85.11 ppm, respectively. While LC50 and LC99 of ZEO against the resistant strain were 37.29 and 76.79 ppm, respectively. Whereas ZEO-AgNPs offered complete larval mortality within 24 h of exposure, LC50 and LC99 of ZEO-AgNPs against the susceptible strain, were 0.57 and 8.54 ppm, respectively. For the resistant strain, LC50 and LC99 values were 0.64 and 8.88 ppm, respectively. The potency in killing Cx. quinquefasciatus and stability of ZEO-AgNPs have made this product a good candidate for the development of novel natural larvicides.

Highlights

Mosquitoes are serious vectors of important human parasites and microbes
The ZEO-AgNPs were synthesized through the reduction of AgNO3 using C. zedoaria essential oil (ZEO)
This study is the first report on the successful synthesis of silver nanoparticles using C. zedoaria oil as a reducing and capping agent

Summary

Introduction

Mosquitoes are serious vectors of important human parasites and microbes. These pathogens cause several diseases including malaria, encephalitis, filariasis, dengue and yellow fever, which are leading causes of death worldwide [1]. Culex quinquefasciatus is a domestic mosquito that exists relative to human habitation and activity. Cx. quinquefasciatus can spread numerous pathogens to humans and animals, including West Nile virus, St. Louis encephalitis, and lymphatic filariasis [2]. Cx. quinquefasciatus can carry pathogens to livestock, birds, domestic and wild animal species such as avian malaria and zoonotic dirofilariasis that causes a loss of productivity and death [3]

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