Larval development to the first eighth zoeal stages in the deep-sea caridean shrimp Plesionika grandis Doflein, 1902 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Pandalidae).

Guo-Chen Jiang,Tin-Yam Chan,Tung-Wei Shih

doi:10.3897/zookeys.719.20916

Abstract

The larvae of the deep-sea pandalid shrimp Plesionika grandis Doflein, 1902 were successfully reared in the laboratory for the first time. The larvae reached the eighth zoeal stage in 36 days, both of which are longest records for the genus. Early larval stages of P. grandis bear the general characters of pandalid shrimps and differ from the other two species of Plesionika with larval morphology known in the number of spines on the anteroventral margin of carapace, number of tubercles on antennule, endopod segmentation in antenna, and third maxilliped setation. Although members in Plesionika are often separated into species groups, members of the same species group do not necessarily have similar early larval morphology. Since the zoea VIII of P. grandis still lacks pleopods and fifth pereiopod, this shrimp likely has at least 12 zoeal stages and a larval development of 120 days.

Highlights

The predominant deep-sea shrimp genus Plesionika Bate, 1888 is the most diverse genus in the caridean family Pandalidae Haworth, 1825, being represented by 93 species (Cardoso 2011; De Grave and Fransen 2011; Li and Chan 2013; Komai and Tsuchida 2014)
Antenna (Fig. 1F) peduncle unsegmented with a sharp, basal spine distally; endopod unsegmented, with one long terminal, plumose seta, and a single sharp, slender spine distomesially; exopod 6-segmented, with eleven marginal plumose setae (3+2+1+1+1+3), proximal segment with one inner mesial tubercle, distal segment with one lateral simple seta
It is suspected that feeding and/or rearing temperature may be the main causes for the mortality of the larvae as discussed in our previous work on the larval rearing of another deep-sea pandalid shrimp Heterocarpus abulbus Yang, Chan and Chu, 2010 (Jiang et al 2016)

Summary

Introduction

The predominant deep-sea shrimp genus Plesionika Bate, 1888 is the most diverse genus in the caridean family Pandalidae Haworth, 1825, being represented by 93 species (Cardoso 2011; De Grave and Fransen 2011; Li and Chan 2013; Komai and Tsuchida 2014). Larval development in these shrimps has only been known in two species, namely P. edwardsii (Brandt, 1851) [zoea (hereafter with the abbreviation Z) I–VII; Landeira et al 2009a] and P. narval [ZI–V, decapodid; Landeira et al 2009b, Landeira et al 2014], since rearing of deep-sea shrimps and their larvae are generally very difficult (Landeira et al 2014). Plesionika grandis Doflein, 1902 is a widely distributed species in the Indo-West Pacific from Japan to NE Australia and Madagascar at depths of 110–375 m (Chan and Crosnier 1991) and is rather common amongst the deep-sea catches in Taiwan. Larvae developed into the eighth zoeal stage in 36 days, enabling the larval morphology of P. grandis is described and illustrated for the first time

Methods

Results

Conclusion