Abstract
Malignant lesions of the eyelid are the most common eye cancers. Although rarely lethal, late diagnosis can lead to serious visual morbidity. Definitive diagnosis of neoplastic lesions is pathological. Indications and types of eyelid lesions in a single high-volume ophthalmic reference center in Sao Paulo, Brazil, were analyzed. The surgical pathological reports of patients who underwent eye removal procedures between January 2000 and December 2012 were retrieved from the electronic database of the Ophthalmology Department and retrospectively reviewed. Data regarding the final anatomopathological diagnosis, sex, and age were analyzed via the χ2 test with Yates' correction. Of the 1,113 eyelid tumors resected over the 13-year study period, 324 (29%) lesions were malignant. The most prevalent lesions were basal cell, squamous cell, and sebaceous gland carcinomas. The median ages of patients (females, n=165, 51%; males, n=159, 49%) with a diagnosis of basal cell, squamous cell, and sebaceous gland carcinomas were 65, 75, and 70 years, respectively. This is the largest retrospective cohort analysis of eyelid tumors in a Latin American population. These findings are in agreement with those from large centers in other countries and regions.
Highlights
A variety of benign and malignant tumors commonly develop on the eyelids[1]
Appearance, but with vastly different natural histories, it can be challenging for the general ophthalmologist to accurately differentiate and diagnose malignancy
Malignant tumors were more prevalent in men (Yates χ2=38.77; p
Summary
A variety of benign and malignant tumors commonly develop on the eyelids[1]. Only 15%-20% are malignant[2], periocular epithelial skin lesions can have important esthetic complications, block vision, and change the normal shape and function of the eyelid. Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are the most common whereas sebaceous gland carcinomas (SGCs) are considered the most aggressive[3]. As such histopathological analysis is always required. The incidence of malignant eyelid lesions is increasing, its global distribution is variable[4]. The inci dence of age-adjusted eyelid malignancies ranges from 5.1 per 100,000 per year in Singapore[5] to 6.5 in Taiwan[6] and 15.7 in the Minnesota, United States[7]
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