Abstract
BackgroundGraft-versus-host disease is a common complication seen with allogenic stem cell transplant, which is used to treat a variety of hematological malignancies. Graft-versus-host disease is an allogenic syndrome and can present in a variety of ways, including symptoms mimicking various autoimmune diseases; however, it is quite rare to see graft-versus-host disease affecting the vascular system and causing vasculitis.Case presentationWe describe a case of a 59-year-old Caucasian man with follicular lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell transformation who developed graft-versus-host disease post allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and later progressed to neurological complication foot drop and large-vessel vasculitis.ConclusionThe life-threatening vascular complications associated with large-vessel vasculitis include arterial aneurysms and dissections, and ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Thus, this rare immunological association needs to be recognized and treated in a timely manner to prevent the long-term complications.
Highlights
ConclusionThe life-threatening vascular complications associated with large-vessel vasculitis include arterial aneu‐ rysms and dissections, and ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke
Graft-versus-host disease is a common complication seen with allogenic stem cell transplant, which is used to treat a variety of hematological malignancies
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a common complication of allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) [1], the treatment widely used to treat a range of hematological malignancies such as leukemia and lymphoma
Summary
To the best of our knowledge, our case is the second case of LVV in GVHD that has ever been reported in literature. The life-threatening vascular complications associated with LVV include arterial aneurysms and dissections, and ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke.
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