Abstract
Non-magnetic materials exhibiting large spin-Hall effect (SHE) are eagerly desired for high-performance spintronic devices. Here, we report that non-equilibrium Cu-Ir binary alloys with compositions beyond the solubility limit are candidates as spin-Hall materials, even though Cu and Ir do not exhibit remarkable SHE themselves. Thanks to non-equilibrium thin film fabrication, the Cu-Ir binary alloys are obtained over a wide composition range even though they are thermodynamically unstable in bulk form. We investigate the SHE of Cu-Ir by exploiting a combinatorial technique based on spin Peltier imaging, and find that the optimum Ir concentration for enhancing SHE is around 25 at.%. We achieve a large spin-Hall angle of 6.29 ± 0.19% for Cu76Ir24. In contrast to Cu-Ir, non-equilibrium Cu-Bi binary alloys do not show remarkable SHE. Our discovery opens a new direction for the exploration of spin-Hall materials.
Highlights
Non-magnetic materials exhibiting large spin-Hall effect (SHE) are eagerly desired for highperformance spintronic devices
An important point here is that all the layers were deposited at room temperature in order to prevent from the appearance of thermodynamically stable phase
Our comprehensive investigation revealed that the value of αSH shows the maximum around xIr = 25 at.%, which is much larger than the solubility limit
Summary
Non-magnetic materials exhibiting large spin-Hall effect (SHE) are eagerly desired for highperformance spintronic devices. We report that non-equilibrium Cu-Ir binary alloys with compositions beyond the solubility limit are candidates as spin-Hall materials, even though Cu and Ir do not exhibit remarkable SHE themselves. When Jc flows in a nonmagnet with large spin–orbit interaction, up-spin and downspin electrons are scattered in opposite directions This results in a Js flow without a net charge current flow in the transverse direction to Jc. Equation (1) means that αSH corresponds to the conversion efficiency, and a nonmagnet showing large αSH is a building block of contemporary spintronics. Cu with the Ir concentration range between 1% and 12%, which exhibited the large αSH of ~2.1% They mentioned that the predominant mechanism of SHE for the Ir-doped Cu was skew scattering.
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