Abstract
BackgroundThe evidence that the variants GCK rs1799884, GCKR rs780094, MTNR1B rs10830963 and G6PC2 rs560887, which are related to fasting plasma glucose levels, increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is contradictory. We therefore performed a meta-analysis to derive a more precise estimation of the association between these polymorphisms and T2DM.MethodsAll the publications examining the associations of these variants with risk of T2DM were retrieved from the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. Using the data from the retrieved articles, we computed summary estimates of the associations of the four variants with T2DM risk. We also examined the studies for heterogeneity, as well as for bias of the publications.ResultsA total of 113,025 T2DM patients and 199,997 controls from 38 articles were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the pooled results indicated that GCK (rs1799884), GCKR (rs780094) and MTNR1B (rs10830963) were significantly associated with T2DM susceptibility (OR, 1.04; 95%CI, 1.01–1.08; OR, 1.08; 95%CI, 1.05–1.12 and OR, 1.05; 95%CI, 1.02–1.08, respectively). After stratification by ethnicity, significant associations for the GCK, MTNR1B and G6PC2 variants were detected only in Caucasians (OR, 1.09; 95%CI, 1.02–1.16; OR, 1.10; 95%CI, 1.08–1.13 and OR, 0.97; 95%CI, 0.95–0.99, respectively), but not in Asians (OR, 1.02, 95% CI 0.98–1.05; OR, 1.01; 95%CI, 0.98–1.04 and OR, 1.12; 95%CI, 0.91–1.32, respectively).ConclusionsOur meta-analyses demonstrated that GCKR rs780094 variant confers high cross-ethnicity risk for the development of T2DM, while significant associations between GCK, MTNR1B and G6PC2 variants and T2DM risk are limited to Caucasians.
Highlights
Previous epidemiological studies have provided compelling evidence that fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels that are on the high side of the normoglycemic range are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [1,2]
Fifteen articles were excluded for the following reasons: six were not association study for T2DM [24,25,26,27,28,29], one was case-only study [30], two focused on lipid traits [31], three were studies of other single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) [32,33,34], two of the results were reported elsewhere [35,36], and the remaining one was a meta-analysis [37]
The results indicated that the minor A-allele might be associated with an augmented T2DM risk (OR, 1.09; 95%confidence intervals (CIs), 1.02–1.16; p = 0.015) in Caucasians
Summary
Previous epidemiological studies have provided compelling evidence that fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels that are on the high side of the normoglycemic range are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [1,2]. G6PC2 is known as the encoding gene for islet-specific glucose-6phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP), which is expressed in a highly pancreatic beta-cell-specific manner. The presence of this receptor in islets suggests a possible association between its function and insulin secretion [11] Given their biological relevance to glucose metabolism, it is no surprise that variants in these genes have been associated with FPG levels and T2DM. The evidence that the variants GCK rs1799884, GCKR rs780094, MTNR1B rs10830963 and G6PC2 rs560887, which are related to fasting plasma glucose levels, increase the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is contradictory. We performed a meta-analysis to derive a more precise estimation of the association between these polymorphisms and T2DM
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