Large-Scale Biomass Classification in Boreal Forests With TanDEM-X Data

Abstract

Boreal forests are characterized by a rather homogenous stand structure which allows by means of a single allometric equation to estimate biomass from forest height with sufficient accuracy and, therefore, to use this equation for quantitative biomass classifications. In this paper, interferometric TanDEM-X DEM data is used to estimate forest height over boreal forest systems. The accuracy of the height inversion is evaluated for single and also dual baseline scenarios, under summer and winter conditions. Then, an allometric equation is used to transfer forest height to biomass. For this, two forest sites, boreal (Krycklan) and hemi-boreal (Remningstorp) in north and southern Sweden, respectively, are investigated. A performance analysis is carried out in order to estimate the maximum number of biomass classes obtained, depending on the height estimation accuracy. For summer acquisitions, four biomass classes can be obtained, with a maximum biomass class of >200 Mg/ha. For winter acquisitions or when a mixed summer – winter approach is applied, five biomass classes, up to 220 Mg/ha, can be obtained. This classification shows a good agreement with CORINE, an existing land cover classification, and can improve it by adding quantitative forest biomass classes with a high spatial resolution of 16x16 m.