Large placental chorioangioma, cause for gross polyhydramnios; experience of two cases and review of literature

Abstract

Placental chorioangioma is a benign vascular tumor most frequently diagnosed by sonographic and Doppler evaluation. Although it is not uncommon (1% incidence) cases which measure more than 4 cm in diameter are rare. Large chorioangioma can be associated with pregnancy complications. These include hydrops fetalis, growth restriction, fetal or neonatal demise, polyhydramnios and preterm birth. We report here 2 cases of large placental chorioangioma resulting in polyhydramnios, intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth. Both the tumors were more than 5 cm and on ultrasound were seen as a hypoechoic lesion in continuation with upper pole of placenta projecting into the amniotic cavity .Gross examination showed a globular mass arising from the fetal surface of placenta and in both the cases histopathological examination was suggestive of placental chorioangioma along with areas of calcification. The maternal outcome was good but one of the babies died due to very low birth weight.