Large exchange splitting in monolayer graphene magnetized by an antiferromagnet

Abstract

Spin splitting in graphene is required to develop graphene-based multifunctional spintronic devices with low dissipation and long-distance spin transport. Magnetic proximity effects are a promising route to realize exchange splitting in the material, which is otherwise intrinsically non-spin-polarized. Here, we show that monolayer graphene can be magnetized by coupling to an antiferromagnetic thin film of chromium selenide, resulting in an exchange splitting energy as high as 134 meV at 2 K. This exchange splitting is shown through shifts in the quantum Hall plateau and quantum oscillations in the graphene, and its energy can be modulated through field cooling, with the exchange splitting energy increasing with positive field cooling and decreasing with negative field cooling. Our experimental demonstration of magnetism in graphene at low temperatures is supported by measurements of resistivity dependence on temperature and magneto-optic Kerr measurements. Monolayer graphene can be magnetized by coupling to an antiferromagnetic thin film of chromium selenide, resulting in an exchange splitting energy as high as 134 meV at 2 K.