Abstract
Abstract Structure, dielectric permittivity, strain, electric ( E ) polarization, and piezoelectric responses of (Bi 1/2 Na 1/2 ) 0.925 Ba 0.075 (Ti 1− x Zr x )O 3 (BNT7.5BT-100 x Zr; x = 0–0.04) ceramics were investigated as functions of poling E field and temperature. The BNT7.5BT ceramic reveals a phase transition from P4bm nanodomains to long-range-ordered P4mm domains. The Zr-doped BNT7.5BT ceramic reveals a reversible change of unit cell with dynamically fluctuating polar nanoregions, which are responsible for the large strain. The poled BNT7.5BT ceramic displays a depolarization temperature of T d = 90 °C, which correspond to a phase transition from ferroelectric to relaxor states. The Zr-doped BNT7.5BT ceramics have Burns temperatures ( T B ) in the region of 400–435 °C, below which polar nanoregions begin to develop. The Zr-doped BNT7.5BT ceramics display wide diffuse phase transitions, suggesting a transition from R + T to T phases. BNT7.5BT-2Zr ceramic shows a temperature dependent linear large strain of 0.482% at 150 °C and can be a potential candidate for lead-free actuator.
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