Abstract
Passages between buildings comprise the airflow path through the buildings, and the wind passage is often studied in terms of two buildings located parallel or at a certain angle. From the perspective of urban areas, the wind passage can be considered the series connection of all local wind passages between each row of buildings. Whether the central axis of each local wind passage is collinear or not, the wind passages of the building array can be summarized as distorted and streamlined types. Large-eddy simulations (LESs) are employed to assess the impacts of the above two wind passage types on the airflow and drag characteristics. The mean, unsteady flow fields and the drag distributions are discussed to assess the effects of wind passages types. Span-wise airflow was found in the wake region in the case of distorted wind passages (DWP), whereas the recirculating vortices dominated the wake region for the case of streamlined wind passages (SWP). Span-wise airflow enhanced the mean stream-wise velocity U and span-wise velocity U in the wake region, decreased U in the wind passage region, and increased dispersive stress 〈V˜2〉 and 〈U˜2〉 within the urban canopy and the peak Reynolds stress above the urban canopy. Further, it strengthened the individual drag forces of buildings and the fluctuations of span-wise and stream-wise individual drag forces. The air of DWP penetrated deeper than SWP. These findings provide theory and data support for better design of wind passages between buildings and may serve as a foundation for urban design and planning.
Highlights
Urbanization is the progress of human society and the crystallization of human civilization
The results showed that the drag coefficient of staggered arranged buildings is larger than that of aligned buildings, which was found by the direct numerical simulation (DNS) simulation results of Coceal et al [18]
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Summary
Urbanization is the progress of human society and the crystallization of human civilization. The wind conditions in the passages can reflect the interference effects of the buildings, which obstruct and drag the approaching wind, thereby resulting in the attenuation of the atmospheric flow. Blocken et al [9] investigated the wind conditions for the passages between two parallel buildings. They found three governing flow regimes, resistance flow, interaction flow and isolated flow, which depend on the passage width and building influence scale. Blocken et al [10] further studied the wind passage between two non-parallel buildings and showed that the wind speed amplification factors in diverging passages are generally larger than in converging passages. Tse et al [12]
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