Abstract
Abstract A large eddy simulation (LES) model, with ice phase included, has been used to study the marine convective boundary layer filled with snow. Extensions to Moeng's LES model include the diagnosis of cloud ice mixing ratio, snow precipitation, and the parameterization of detailed microphysical processes. Model simulations are compared with cold air outbreak field observations over Lake Michigan, as well as with the liquid phase LES results for the same atmospheric conditions. The buoyancy flux and vertical velocity variance profiles generated by the ice phase LES are found to be more consistent with the observations than those generated by the liquid phase LES results. The incorporation of the ice phase into the LES model has also improved the agreement of vertical velocity skewness (Sw) between observations and LES model results. It has also been found that the presence of precipitation, and the associated microphysical processes, has a significant effect on the structure of the convective boundary...
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